OBJECTIVES
Use the substances listed below to answer questions 1 & 2.
I. Fertilizer
II. Insecticides
III. Sewage
IV. Crude oil
V. Sulphur dioxide.
1. The atmosphere can be polluted by
A. I only. B. Ill only. C. IV only. D. II and V only.
2. Which of the substances constitute domestic waste?
A. I only. B. III only. C. IV only. D. II and V only.
3. The use of water closet and septic tanks is preferred to the use of bucket and pit latrines because
A. it is cost effective. B. contaminated faeces are completely kept away from flies. C. the water for flushing contains chlorine which kills the germs. D. it prevents flies from breeding.
4. The detection of Vibrocholerae in public drinking water is a sign of
A. clean water. B. outbreak of disease. C. water pollution. D. decayed organisms in the water.
5. Oil applied to the surface of water kills the larvae of mosquitoes through
A. dehydration. B. poisoning. C. starvation. D. suffocation.
The diagram below shows the effect of nitrates water bodies. Study it carefully and answer question 6 & 7
6. The phenomenon in the diagram is termed
A. denitrification. B. conservation. C. eutrophication D. global warming.
7. Another cause that could lead to the phenomenon in the, diagram is
A. exhaust from cars. B. oil spillage. C. dumping of sewages. D. excess rainfall.
8. The major pollutant around airport residential areas is
A. oil spillage. B. soot. C. noise. D. dust.
9. The following are greenhouse gases except
A. carbondioxide. B. chlorofluorocarbon. C. methane. D. oxygen.
The diagram below shows the oxygen level, number of green plants and fish in rivers flowing through four towns
| Town | Oxygen Level | Green Plants | Fish |
| A | High | Few | Many |
| B | Low | Many | Many |
| C | High | Few | Few |
| D | Low | Many | Few |
10. Which of the towns is likely to be discharging untreated sewage in their river?
A. B. C. D.
11. Which of the following materials is not easily biodegradable?
A. Polythene bag B. Cotton bag C. Hides and skin bag D. Paper bag.
12. Which of the following is not a way of reducing air pollution?
A. Siting factories and power stations away from residential areas. B. Building tall factory chimneys. C. Passing waste gases through filters and absorbers. D. Recycling tins, cans and bottles.
13. Which of the following water pollutants may contain organisms that cause dysentery?
A. Pesticides. B. Sewage. C. Industrial wastes. D. Fertilizers.
14. Which of the following may not contribute to environmental pollution?
A. Solar energy radiation. B. Industrial wastes. C. Waste disposal. D. Smoke.
15. A constituent of the exhaust gases of motor Vehicles which causes serious air pollution is
A. water vapour. B. carbondioxide. C. carbonmonoxide. D. oxygen.
16. Algal bloom depletes oxygen content of bodies of water polluted by
A. industrial effluents. B. thermal plant discharge. C. raw sewage disposal. D. crude oil spillage.
17. Conventional method of sewage disposal involves allthe following except defecating
A. into pit latrines. B. inopen fields. C. into cesspit. D. into bucket latrine.
18. Which of the following is a pollutant of air?
A. Oxygen. B. Water vapour. C. Carbon monoxide. D. Nitrogen.
19. Which of the following is not a pollution control measure?
A. Penalising those who dump refuse on water or land. B. Controlling the emission of smoke from automobiles and industries. C. Ensuring that there is no spillage of oil. D. Channeling sewage into streams.
20. Air pollution can be reduced by the following methods except
A. building tall factory chimneys. B. passing waste gases through filters and absorbers. C. using lead-free petrol in cars. D. recycling tins cans and bottles.
21. Improper sewage disposal could be dangerous for the following reasons except
A. the smell of carelessly disposed sewage water is most undesirable. B. the spread of gastro-intestinal diseases are enhanced. C. resultant out-break of water-borne diseases D. there would be little space for disposal of waste.
22. The depletion of the ozone layer will result in the earth surface receiving more
A. Gamma rays. B. Infra-red rays. C. Ultraviolet rays. D. X-rays.
Theory
1. (a) What is pollution?
(b) State four pollutants of water.
(c) Describe the effects of each of the pollutants named on aquatic organisms.
2. (a) State three sources of noise pollution.
(b) List two ways by which noise pollution can be reduced.
(c) State three effects each of the following pollutants on humans:
(i) smoke
(ii) sewage.
3. (a) What is sewage?
(b) State five effects of releasing untreated sewage into a stagnant water body.
4. (a) What is Eutrophication?
(b) State two causes of eutrophication.
5. (a) What is Pollution?
(b) Name two pollutants each of air and water
(c) State four effects of water pollution on organisms
(d) Mention four ways of preventing water pollution in an environment
(e) Name three sources of noise pollution
(f) State three effects of noise pollution on man.
6. (a) State eight human activities that may pollute water bodies
(b) Explain the measures that may be used to prevent pollution of water bodies.
(c) Mention four methods of purifying water.
7. (a) What is pollution?
(b) State six human activities which cause pollution.
